Peter Nielsen Designing a New Molecule of Life - 576 Words

Peter Nielsen: Designing A New Molecule of Life Life as we know it is far more complex than one can imagine. The smallest molecule in the human body can play a large role in determining the genetic outcome or the overall well being of a person. In Peter Nielsen’s â€Å"Designing a New Molecule of Life†, he speaks of a molecule that hopefully one day will create a scientific and medical breakthrough. In this essay you will read a summary of Peter Nielsen’s article and the research he has done with this molecule. Peter Nielson, along with many other scientists, have spent years creating and experimenting with a synthetic molecule called peptide nucleic acid (PNA). PNA is an artificial polymer that has many similarities to deoxyribonucleic†¦show more content†¦Instead, a PNA strand invaded the DNA helix , displacing one of the DNA strands to form a bond with its (PNA) complement, and the second PNA strand formed what is called a Hoogsteen bonds PNA-DNA= PNA triplex. This created a triple invasion of the DNA helix. Other bonding methods were experimented where the PNA’s bases where modified according to the targeted DNA. Fortunately this method had better results though there are a lot more things to overcome. In making PNA a prospect for drugs, researchers have demonstrated proof of concept for using PNA oligomers to activated or suppress the transcription, replication, or repair of specific genes by binding DNA is various ways. PNA oligomers and conventional nucleic acids have the same problem of poor bioavailability because they are large water loving molecules making it difficult for them to enter cells. The productions of PNA based drugs awaits the development of suitable chemical modifications or pharmaceutical formulations to improve PNA bioavailability. Researchers believe this is the only thing holding back this medical breakthrough. In Nielsen’s article â€Å"Designing a New Molecule of Life†, he goes into detail of the many factors PNA will offer in the future. PNA can create a breakthrough drug, or may even create artificial life one day. Scientists say the PNA has many similarities as the molecules that have been thought to be the beginning of life. Though theShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesorder to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric SvendsenRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages............................................................................................. 420 Statistical Significance ................................................................................................................... 422 Designing a Paired Comparison Test .......................................................................................... 424 Obstacles to Collecting Reliable Data.......................................................................................Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesbe used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation with and approval of the management of the organisation concerned. Case studies can never fully capture the richness and complexity of real-life management situations and we would also encourage readers and tutors to take every possible opportunity to explore the live strategic issues of organisations – both their own and others. The following brief points of guidance should prove useful in

Bullying and Teen Suicide Essay - 779 Words

Lives are slowly being lost due to suicide and not only is it affecting themselves but also the people who are around them. Suicide is defined as taking of one’s own life and it is an issue that should be given all attention to. Teen suicide has been talked about in every source of media and it still continues to have a harmful effect in todays generation. In the United States the eighth leading cause of death is suicide, within developing teens, suicide is the third leading cause of their deaths (NAMI). There are many signs of someone who is contemplating suicide. And there are many reason for someone to be driven to the point of suicide. Those reasons being if the teenager is dealing with depression, bullying, sexual abuse and abuse†¦show more content†¦The type of people who are most targeted by bullying is the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) youth. LGBT youth are most commonly targeted by bullying because society does not fully understand what these kid s are going through in life. One of the main reasons for this is due to something that may set themselves apart from the norm and that includes sexual orientation. Gay and lesbian teens are two to three times as more likely to commit suicide than any other youths. Those who are rejected by their family are up to nine times more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual peers. About 30 percent of all completed suicide have all been related to bullying. A majority of bullying takes place during our elementary or in high school.. Peer pressure is reported to be a frequent reason as to why students feel the need to bully their peers. Many people have experienced bullying in some way throughout their lifetime. Some people were victims of bullying, while others were the ones doing the bullying, or in some cases, they were both. It isn’t rare to hear that someone who has been a victim of bullying in the past began bullying other people.. Cyber, physical and emotional bullying are all different types of bullying. There have been countless cases of suicide. Suicide rates for those between the ages of 10-14 increased between 1981 and 2005. In just 2005 alone, 270 developing teenagers ranging from the age of 10 to 14 completedShow MoreRelatedTeen Suicide and Bullying1250 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is a worldwide problem that can be linked to teen suicide. The third leading cause of death in youth is suicide, which results in nearly 4,400 deaths per year (Centers for Disease Control, 2012). At least half of these deaths are caused by bullying. Although bullying is still seen by many to be a normal part of growing up, it is a severe problem that leads to many negative effects, including suicide. Unfortunately, there is not a definitive solution to this problem. However, there are multipleRead MoreCyber-Bullying and Teen Suicide2391 Words   |  10 PagesSince Teen Suicide is the second leading cause of teenage death in the United States, there is a need for legislation that promotes awarenes s and education about Cyber-Bullying. by R. Hassan February 8, 2011 Fourth Period Mr. Cicala Robinson Secondary School Since Teen suicide is the second leading cause of teenage death in the United States, there is a need for legislation that promotes awareness and education about Cyber-Bullying. Due to the growthRead MoreInformative speech outline Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Suicide Among Teenagers Specific purpose: To inform my audience on some of the causes on teen suicides.    I. Introduction A. Attention Material: It has been verified on April 19th, 2013 by the Center for Disease Control that for youths between the ages of 10-24, suicide is the third leading cause for death in the United States. 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According to Michael Jellinek, â€Å"the adolescent may feel they have no choice but to end their intense internal suffering or to solve a hopeless dilemma by ending it all†(Preventing Teen Suicide). According to the Center of Disease Prevention, â€Å"suicide is the third-leading cause of death for high school students after car accidents and homicides†(Bratsis). Everyday teens are faced with internal struggles and challenges that are difficult to copeRead MoreTeen Bullying Must Be Stopped Essay1429 Words   |  6 Pages Bullying in school environments is not a rare or recent development by any means. However, it would appear the intensity and consequences have reached new, devastating heights in more recent cases. I was shocked to discover that there have been five recent teen suicides from bullying, in the high school in my current city. According to one of my local news-station’s website, www.foxnews.com, in Mentor High School (Mentor, Ohio) there have been four cases of teen suicides from bullyingRead MoreJosee Young . Eng Iv B 1St Hr. May 19, 2017. Suicide1564 Words   |  7 Pages Eng IV B 1st hr May 19, 2017 Suicide One of the questions sociologists have attempted to answer is. â€Å" What drives people to commit suicide? Most teens who have been interviewed after a suicide attempt say that what causes teen suicide are feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Suicide is when a person end his or her own life. Studies show that at least 90% of teens who kill themselves have some type of mental health problem, such as depressionRead MoreTeen Suicide, Depressing Isn t It? If You Only Knew?1158 Words   |  5 PagesTeen Suicide, Depressing Isn’t It? If You Only Knew †¦ According to Merriam-Webster online dictionary, suicide is a noun defined as the act of taking your own life because you do not want to continue living. Teenage is a noun defined as relating to people who are between thirteen and nineteen years old (Merriam-Webster). Several factors can lead to a teenager making the decision to commit suicide. When it does happen or an attempt is made, it can be very difficult to pinpoint the reason(s). TeensRead MoreFactors that Leads Teens to Commit Suicide741 Words   |  3 Pagesemotional and physical, can contribute to a teen’s decision to take his or her own life. Adolescent suicide rates have no doubt risen over the past 50 years, but the question is, why? As our world continues to advance decade by decade, modern-day teenagers experience problems that are quite different than those faced by teens from previous generations. One distinct, modern influence of teenage suicide is social media. Naturally, most teenagers today own or have ac cess to a smart phone, computer, orRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay605 Words   |  3 PagesDaneshia Alberty Campbell EnglishIII-7 11 February, 2011 Teen Suicide Essay Teen suicide is one of the fastest killers for young teenagers. Every year thousands of teens die in the United States. There are many different reasons of why young teens commit suicide. Family issues, low self-esteem, and bullying are three of the many leading factors towards suicide for teens. Problems at home can cause a teenager to take their lives. Abuse in the home of the teenager can most often establish a

Case Study on Social Marketing

Question: Discuss about theCase Study on Social Marketing. Answer: Introduction In this assignment we are going to we are going to look at a cause related marketing which are supporting any social causes and evaluate what type of marketing strategy needs to be incorporated in order to further the cause of the organisation. We are evaluating two social organisations in this assignment. One of them is the RSPCA Australia which is a community based charity which is working in the field of promoting care and protection to the animal and preventing cruelty to animals. RSPCA Australia is a Federation of eight independent State and Territory RSPCA bodies which are known as member societies and they are actively involved in the process of fund raising for the animal shelters which are presently operational in Australia (Ballantyne et al. 2009). The other organisation which we are evaluating in our assignment is WWF (World Wildlife Fund), Australia. This is the Australian subsidiary of the WWF which was conceived on 29th April, 1961 in the Swiss town of Morges. The organ isation has grown over the years to become the largest independent conservation organisation of the world which protects the natural habitats of the wild animals from being destroyed. WWF Australia was set up on 29th June, 1978 and during the first year of operation, it had an operational budget of only AUD 80,000. Presently, WWF Australia is the largest conservation organisation in the Australia and Oceania region with more 500,000 supporters at their disposal (Scherr McNeely, 2008). Product Definition, Core Benefit, Expected Product, Augmented Product Product is the tangible benefits and services which are offered by an organisation in the market. Both the organisations are not-for-profit business entities which are involved in social work. RSPCA Australia is proactively working with the farming sector in Australia in order to create a positive impact on the lives of the farm animals by creating an environment which will supplement their behavioral and physiological needs. The main product which is provided by RSPCA Australia is to provide better living condition for all the pet animals by undertaking national events and campaigns which promote animal welfare in collaboration with the Australian government and industry bodies (Adopt A Pet, 2016). The organisation strives to promote awareness among the local population regarding being affectionate and caring to the needs of animals and treat them with love. The organisation has been actively involved in preventing cruelty to animals through their Adopt a Pet Campaign. The organisat ion strives to provide a caring and loving family to all the stray animals like dogs and cats and it has been actively involved in easing the process through which pet animals can be adopted in Australia. The organisation takes care of all the necessary paperwork which are involved with the adoption of pet animals in Australia and they conduct adequate background checks regarding the people who are willing to adopt a pet. This helps in streamlining the entire adoption process of pet animals and at the same time also ensures that the pet gets a loving and caring family who will take care of its needs. On the other hand, WWF Australia works in the areas of environmental conservation and protecting the natural habitat of wild animals in Australia. The organisation conducts awareness campaigns and fundraising events which aim to protect and preserve the natural habitat of wild animals. The organisation has been proactively involved in ensuring the survival of endangered animal species and they have undertaken the Adopt an Animal campaign in order to protect animal species from extinction (Donate to WWF-Australia, 2016). Price Definition, Initial Cost, Ongoing Cost Price is the cost of the products and services which are being offered by an organisation in the market. Both the organisations offer the opportunity to make a single one-off donation or a regular monthly donation to support the cause of animal welfare. RSPCA Australia offers their supporters to make an one-off donation or a monthly regular donation to their cause and the interested individuals have the opportunity to contribute according to their convenience. For every $200 which is donated to the organisation, RSPCA Australia provides care and assistance to those wildlife species which are on the brink of extinction. For every $100 contributed to the organisation, RSPCA Australia works to prevent cruelty to animals. They provide emergency vet services for animals who have been exposed to cruelty and are in urgent need of care. For every $50 contributed to the organisation, RSPCA Australia prosecutes animal offenders and gets justice for animal victims (de Bruyn, 2012). In the same way, WWF Australia encourages the normal population to participate in their ongoing conservation activities by donating money for their cause. Interested individual are encouraged to make a one-off donation or set up a regular monthly donation wherein they could contribute towards the cost of raising wild animals in animals shelters in Australia. Interested individuals have the option of selecting from a range of amounts ($50, $100, $150, $200, $500, etc.) according to their convenience. All these funding goes into ensuring the protection of natural habitat of wild animals in Australia (Bulbeck, 2012). Place/Distribution Definition, how can the Products and Services be Obtained by the Customers Place plays a vital role in determining the overall success of an organisation and it essentially denotes the location of the organisation and the delivery channels through which the products and services offered by an organisation could be accessed by the customers in the market. Both RSPCA Australia and WWF Australia being not-for-profit organisation which undertakes social work, they do not have any physical stores in the market. Both the organisation have their own dedicated websites through which customers can contact them and make one time or regular donations for a cause which appeals to them and which they consider close to their heart (Duckworth, 2009). Both these organisations are active on the online platform and all the animal welfare measures adopted and implemented by them are elaborately described and illustrated in their respective websites. This helps both the organisation to portray a socially responsible image among their supporters and helped the organisation to g ain the trust and support of the local population. Thus, both RSPCA Australia and WWF Australia have been able to create a positive brand image and reputation in the market and this has enabled them to work closely with government agencies and private industries. This has enabled RSPCA Australia to gain access to more funds which goes into the welfare of pet animals and this enables WWF Australia to protect the natural habitat of wild animals (Oh, 2014). Definition of Promotion and how the Consumers are made Aware Regarding the Activities Undertaken by both the Organisations in the Market Promotion is one of the most vital activities of an organisation and it essentially involves spreading consumer awareness regarding the products and services which are being offered by them in the market. Both WWF Australia and RSPCA Australia being non-profit business entities, they do not provide any products and services to their customers. Both the organisations are actively involved in the field of animal welfare and they are actively promoting their activities on the social media platforms like Facebook and on their respective websites. Promotions play a vital role in helping both the organisations to engage with their activists and supporters in an effective manner and this has played a vital role in enabling the organisation to realise their business goals and objectives in the market (Elliott et al. 2010). With the help of their promotional activities RSPCA Australia is able to spread consumer awareness regarding their social activities aimed at providing care and compassion to pet and farm animals and this enables them to mobilize funds in the form of donations from interested individuals who are willing to support the activities undertaken by RSPCA Australia. Promotion will enable the organisation to attract the attention of interested individuals who are willing to adopt a pet and provide a loving a caring environment for the pets to grow (Duckworth, 2009). The promotions play a vital role in helping WWF Australia to generate public awareness regarding environmental conservation and protecting the natural habitat of wild animals. This enables the organisation to engage with their donors and supporters in an effective manner. Thus, the organisation is able to mobilize the necessary funds from both government as well as private business establishments which help to ensure the smooth continuity of their business operations in the market. The organisation will be able to attract interested individuals who are willing to adopt a wild animal with the help of their promotional campaign and this will help them to protect those animals which are standing on the brink of extinction (Donate to WWF-Australia, 2016). Justifying the Target Market The target market for RSPCA Australia are the people who are compassionate towards animal welfare and are willing to contribute financially towards providing care and protection to pet animals who have been victims of abuse. The organisation is targeting the interested people who are willing to adopt a pet and provide them with a loving and caring home where they can spend the rest of their lives. The target market in case of WWF Australia is the people or individuals who are aware about environmental conservation and protecting the natural habitat of wild animals who are on the brink of extinction. The organisation is trying to build up consumer awareness regarding wildlife conservation with the help of the Adopt an Animal campaign and they are encouraging more people to adopt an animal in their homes and provide them with the necessary care and supervision which will help in ensuring their survival in this world (Hoffmann et al. 2010). Conclusion This assignment has played a vital role in enabling us to understand the different activities and initiatives which are undertaken by RSPCA Australia and WWF Australia. We have been able to obtain a lot of insights regarding how both the organisation are contributing towards social cause and are playing a proactive role in preventing cruelty towards animals and protecting their habitats. This has really enhanced our perception and understanding towards the manner in which both these organisation carry out their day-to-day business operations in the market (Scherr McNeely, 2008). References Adopt A Pet. (2016). RSPCA Australia. Retrieved 14 December 2016, from https://www.rspca.org.au/adopt-pet Donate to WWF-Australia. (2016). Donate.wwf.org.au. Retrieved 14 December 2016, from https://donate.wwf.org.au/campaigns/donate/ Ballantyne, R., Packer, J., Hughes, K. (2009). Tourists' support for conservation messages and sustainable management practices in wildlife tourism experiences.Tourism Management,30(5), 658-664. Hoffmann, M., Hilton-Taylor, C., Angulo, A., Bhm, M., Brooks, T. M., Butchart, S. H., ... Darwall, W. R. (2010). The impact of conservation on the status of the worlds vertebrates.science,330(6010), 1503-1509. Mornement, K. M., Coleman, G. J., Toukhsati, S., Bennett, P. C. (2010). A review of behavioral assessment protocols used by Australian animal shelters to determine the adoption suitability of dogs.Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science,13(4), 314-329. Elliott, R., Toribio, J. A. L., Wigney, D. (2010). The Greyhound Adoption Program (GAP) in Australia and New Zealand: A survey of owners experiences with their greyhounds one month after adoption.Applied Animal Behaviour Science,124(3), 121-135. Clarke, R. (2014). Key Factors in the Limited Adoption of End-User PETs.Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd. de Bruyn, S. (2012). Adopting a pet: Pet project.PS Post Script, (Dec 2012-Jan 2013), 68. MichaelaAvery. (2016). https://essays.cve.edu.au. Retrieved 14 December 2016, from https://essays.cve.edu.au/sites/default/files/vein_essays/content_3137/MichaelaAvery.pdf Oh, H. H. R. (2014). When Celebrity Policy Entrepreneurship is Not Good Enough: Intercountry Adoption Policy in Australia.Australian Journal of Adoption,8(2). Duckworth, J. (2009).Not Every Dog Has His Day: The Treatment of Dogs in Australia. Axiom Creative Enterprises. Ballantyne, R., Packer, J., Hughes, K., Dierking, L. (2007). Conservation learning in wildlife tourism settings: Lessons from research in zoos and aquariums.Environmental Education Research,13(3), 367-383. Scherr, S. J., McNeely, J. A. (2008). Biodiversity conservation and agricultural sustainability: towards a new paradigm of ecoagriculturelandscapes.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences,363(1491), 477-494. Bulbeck, C. (2012).Facing the Wild:" Ecotourism, Conservation and Animal Encounters". Routledge.

yellow wallpaper essay Essays - Mental Illness In Fiction

The yellow wallpaper reflects the character changes and the mental destruction of the main character, the narrator, in ?The Yellow Wallpaper? by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The narrator suffers from a nervous condition that onlyworsens when she and her husband, John, stay the summer at a ?colonial Mansion?(para.2) with ?something queer about it?(3). The wallpaper in the bedroom becomes very drab and lifeless when the narrator falls into a deeper depression. She then begins to stay up all night, and the yellow wallpaper comes to life. The wallpaper only becomes active at night representing the nocturnal state of the narrator. The wallpaper has ?something strange about [it that she] can feel?(22) imprisoning the narrator; captivating her every thought and action. This represents the way her husband keeps her imprisoned in the room with the yellow wallpaper. These overbearing restrictions finally push the narrator over the edge of insanity, and she and the yellow wallpaper become as one. In Charlotte Perkins Gilman?s ?The Yellow Wallpaper,? the wallpaper symbolizes the main character?s depression, nocturnal state, imprisonment, and insanity. The narrator?s depression in the story is portrayed by the yellow wallpaper. When she is stuck in a room with wallpaper that is ?dull enough to confuse the eye?(33), she believes herself to be a ?comparative burden?(44) to her husband. Feeling that she is a burden causes her to become deeply depressed, and she sees the wallpaper as having a color that is ?repellent, almost revolting?(34). The narrator?s nervous troubles become ?dreadfully depressing?(41), and she is discouraged that she does not ?have any advice or companionship about [her] work?(61). The wallpaper imitates her frustration by becoming ?pronounced enough to constantly irritate?(33), and provoking the narrator to become ?positively angry with it?(65). The narrator starts to ?cry at nothing?(87) when she is alone, and she is ?alone a good deal?(89). When she gets angry enough to ?do something desperate. To jump out of the window?(240), the ?lame uncertain curves?(33) of the wallpaper?s lines ?suddenly commit suicide?(33 ) and ?destroy themselves in unheard of contradictions?(33) to reflect her grave desperation. The yellow wallpaper represents the narrators worsening depression throughout the story. The way the yellow wallpaper changes in the story emphasizes the main character?s nocturnal state. The yellow wallpaper ?changes as the light changes?(145) so much that the narrator ?wouldn?t know it was the same paper?(148), and it progressively becomes more active at night. The narrator also starts to ?sleep all [she] can?(152) during the daytime, and she doesn?t ?sleep much at night?(168). This ?lack of sequence?(140) disturbs the narrator and becomes a ?constant irritant to a normal mind?(140). Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the lack of sequence to bring to life a woman that lives behind the wallpaper?s pattern. As ?the moon shines in all night?(148), the woman behind the pattern becomes ?as plain as can be?(149) to the narrator. This woman and the narrator begin sharing many qualities including their nocturnal activities. When the narrator?s condition in the daylight becomes ?tiresome and perplexing?(169) the woman behind the yellow wallpaper is ?subdued?(151). But ?as soon as it was moonlight [the woman behind the paper] began to crawl?(216) and the narrator ?got up and ran to help her?(216). The narrator?s nocturnal state is symbolized by the way the yellow wallpaper changes in the night. The living characteristics that Charlotte Perkins Gilman gives the yellow wallpaper portray the imprisonment the main character feels in the story. The narrator?s husband ?hardly lets [her] stir without special direction?(28), and she ?wished he would take [her] away?(130). Gilman mimics the narrator?s feelings in the story when she creates the ?faint figure behind [the wallpaper] seemed to shake the pattern, just as if she wanted to get out?(127). This faint figure, a woman, is trapped by the pattern when ?by moonlight it becomes bars?(149), and ?she is all the time trying to climb through?(189). The wallpaper?s ?pattern is torturing?(141) to the narrator. She states that ?It slaps you in the face, knocks you down, and tramples upon you. It is like a bad dream?(142). Even the ?peculiar odor?(177) of the yellow wallpaper imprisons the narrator by ?hovering in the dining-room, skulking in the parlor, hiding in the hall, [and] lying in wait . . . on the stairs?(176).

Beyond the Russian Border †Creative Writing Course

Beyond the Russian Border – Creative Writing Course Free Online Research Papers Beyond the Russian Border Creative Writing Course Being born in Russia has given me the strength of my forefathers; the strength to survive against all odds. It has given me the genetic makeup that allows me to be strong, fast, smart and sometimes ruthless to my enemies. It has given me the ability to hold a lot of hard liquor, and stay worm in cold climates due to a great amount of body hair. Those are the most common generalizations made by people from western countries, but they don’t do justice to the real beliefs and values behind the Russian culture. If I could pick out one thing that truly represents my people as a whole, it would be their hospitality. *Russian hospitality has to be the one quality of people living in Russian Federation, that best describes their values of friendship, companionship and family ties.* To understand hospitality as a whole, it has to be broken up into separate parts. *Interaction between family members is a very important part of hospitality. Historically, Russian people lived in big families. Family members of three generations lived together in a big house. It was usually grand parents, parents, children, and sometimes even children’s children. This tradition has carried over to some extent to the twenty-first century. Living in Moscow, I remember our three-bedroom apartment. It belonged to my grandfather on my mother’s side, and we all stayed there together – my grandparents, my parents, my sister and I. Buying an apartment was really expensive and receiving one from the government was even harder, so staying with grandparents saved money and in return they received the physical care they needed. Parents in the Russian culture often encourage their kids to live with them as long as possible, opposed to America where young adults are pushed to move out when they are eighteen. This standard of family life gives an essence of stability in Russian culture. It accomplishes to restrain people from living far away from relatives, making the community safer and tighter. *Hospitality can not exist without generosity. One meaning of generosity is liberty in giving or willingness to give. My parents have been valued among their friends for their desire to help and they raised me the same way. I remember when my friend’s sister got in a car accident. The first person his parents called was I. I remember driving to New Hope where Sofia lived, and seeing her car from a distance. It was an old Maxima with rusted fenders and turn leather interior. The sight was frightening; the whole side was caved in, just passed the front door. Glass and broken plastic were everywhere. The lingering smell of deployed airbags filled the air around the scene. When I came, she was standing on the curb, covering her eyes. I helped her take out the groceries from her car, and put it into mine. I drove her home; stayed for a while to calm her down and wait for her husband. Later thanking me, her parents called me their angel, but for me it was just the way I was raised. My parents, my sister and I, as a family, never expect anything in return. Helping people in need is as relative to us as waking up every mourning. I can only hope to pass on this great value, to the next generation of people. Russian homes are always ready for guests. It is a tradition to feed everyone that comes into the house. Even if it is a plumber who is doing work on the water heater, the woman of the house will not let him leave without a meal. My mother is a great cook, due to constant flow of invited and unexpected guests. There was an instance where a far relative was in Moscow for business and had no place to stay. My parents have never seen the man, but it wouldn’t have mattered even if he were not a relative. He was a cousin of my aunt who married into the family. When he arrived fifteen minutes after the phone call, his room was ready, dinner was being prepared, and there was a fresh towel in the bathroom. My mom baked salmon with mayonnaise on top, and mashed potatoes. My parents gave him the softest bad and the softest pillows. He stayed that night, and left the next mourning never to bee seen again. Later he mailed a postcard for New Year, but that was all appreciation w e received. It is not that he was ungrateful, but it was expected that my parents would treat him that way. *Because Russian people portray hospitality, they are very sociable. They enjoy gathering together for holidays, or for no reason at all. I remember the going away get togethers at my parent’s apartment. If I only new then, that we will be gone for nine years instead of the projected two. The eardrum tearing racket engulfing every corner of every room. Kids scrambling around, playing games, falling and crying. Adults lounging behind a long table, raising goblets with champagne and glasses with vodka. The table is full of dishes for every taste. I can still smell the crab salad, roasted pig, salami and different cheeses. I can still hear my dad’s voice singing; the sounds of vibrating guitar strings. The sound of a braking glass as little pieces trickle down to the hardwood floor. The popping of every new open bottle, and announcing of every new toast. Watching the bright lights of the living room reflecting of the silverware made me feel warm, fuzzy and welc ome. Our shepherd Vesta would get under the table, bagging for something to eat. At times the only thing to be seen was her wiggling silver-black tail. She had to always be in the middle of the biggest group; I guess it was the shepherd instinct to keep people tightly around her. Kids were at a separate little table, but it didn’t matter then. We were all just one huge mass of people, all brought together for one last time to say goodbye. Through all of my travels, I have never encountered such hospitality. I have traveled to many countries: France, China, Canada, Turkey, Qatar, India, Mexico, and U.S. to name a few. Those are all great places with their own great cultures, but no place on earth is as warm and welcoming as my motherland. Americans are very patriotic people, but even Americans have a hard time leaving Russia. Some stay and some don’t, but they all know that they will always have a place to go to and feel welcomed. I regret being far away from my culture. Most of my friends in Minnesota are Russian, but as the place of living changes so do the cultural values. For me it is the difference between giving and taking, helping others and helping oneself, living life and existing. Hospitality is a taste of a forbidden fruit that makes one yearning for more and makes it difficult to live without. It is an important aspect of culture; to someone it maybe be the most important one of all. The world is changing, and so is the Russian culture. I hope that this is one value that is here to stay, but it seems that independence and selfishness is slowly working its way into every country on every continent. If I could wish for one thing to change in my new found homeland, I would wish for more warmth and hospitality in daily interactions. 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250 Million Years of Turtle Evolution

250 Million Years of Turtle Evolution In a way, turtle evolution is an easy story to follow: the basic turtle body plan arose very early in the history of life (during the late Triassic period), and has persisted pretty much unchanged down to the present day, with the usual variations in size, habitat, and ornamentation. As with most other types of animals, though, the turtle evolutionary tree includes its share of missing links (some identified, some not), false starts, and short-lived episodes of gigantism. Turtles That Werent: Placodonts of the Triassic Period Before discussing the evolution of genuine turtles, its important to say a few words about convergent evolution: the tendency of creatures that inhabit roughly the same ecosystems to develop roughly the same body plans. As you probably already know, the theme of squat, stubby-legged, slow-moving animal with a big, hard shell to defend itself against predators has been repeated numerous times throughout history: witness dinosaurs like Ankylosaurus and Euoplocephalus and giant Pleistocene mammals like Glyptodon and Doedicurus. This brings us to the placodonts, an obscure family of Triassic reptiles closely related to the plesiosaurs and pliosaurs of the Mesozoic Era. The poster genus for this group, Placodus, was an unremarkable-looking creature that spent most of its time on land, but some of its marine relativesincluding Henodus, Placochelys, and Psephodermalooked uncannily like genuine turtles, with their stubby heads and legs, hard shells, and tough, sometimes toothless beaks. These marine reptiles were as close as you could get to turtles without actually being turtles; sadly, they went extinct as a group about 200 million years ago. The First Turtles Paleontologists still havent identified the exact family of prehistoric reptiles that spawned modern turtles and tortoises, but they do know one thing: it wasnt the placodonts. Lately, the bulk of the evidence points to an ancestral role for Eunotosaurus, a late Permian reptile whose wide, elongated ribs curved over its back (a striking adumbration of the hard shells of later turtles). Eunotosaurus itself seems to have been a pareiasaur, an obscure family of ancient reptiles the most notable member of which was the (completely unshelled) Scutosaurus. Until recently, fossil evidence linking the land-dwelling Eunotosaurus and the giant, marine turtles of the late Cretaceous period was sorely lacking. That all changed in 2008 with two major discoveries: first up was the late Jurassic, western European Eileanchelys, touted by researchers as the earliest marine turtle yet identified. Unfortunately, only a few weeks later, Chinese paleontologists announced the discovery of Odontochelys, which lived a whopping 50 million years earlier. Crucially, this soft-shelled marine turtle possessed a full set of teeth, which subsequent turtles gradually shed over tens of millions of years of evolution. (A new development as of June 2015: researchers have identified a late Triassic proto-turtle, Pappochelys, that was intermediate in form between Eunotosaurus and Odontochelys and thus fills an important gap in the fossil record!) Odontochelys prowled the shallow waters of eastern Asia about 220 million years ago; another important prehistoric turtle, Proganochelys, pops up in the western European fossil record about 10 million years later. This much bigger turtle had fewer teeth than Odontochelys, and the prominent spikes on its neck meant that it couldnt fully retract its head under its shell (it also possessed  an ankylosaur-like clubbed tail). Most important, the carapace of Proganochelys was fully baked: hard, snug and pretty much impervious to hungry predators. The Giant Turtles of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras By the early Jurassic period, about 200 million years ago, prehistoric turtles and tortoises were pretty much locked into their modern body plans, though there was still room for innovation. The most notable turtles of the Cretaceous period were a pair of marine giants, Archelon and Protostega, both measuring about 10 feet long from head to tail and weighing about two tons. As you might expect, these giant turtles were equipped with broad, powerful front flippers, the better to propel their bulk through the water; their closest living relative is the much smaller (less than one ton) Leatherback. You have to fast-forward about 60 million years, to the Pleistocene epoch, to find prehistoric turtles that approached the size of this duo (this doesnt mean that  giant turtles werent around in the intervening years, just that we havent found much evidence). The one-ton, southern Asian Colossochelys (formerly classified as a species of Testudo) can pretty much be described as a plus-sized Galapagos tortoise, while the slightly smaller Meiolania from Australia improved on the basic turtle body plan with a spiked tail and a huge, weirdly armored head. (By the way, Meiolania received its nameGreek for little wandererin reference to the contemporary Megalania, a two-ton monitor lizard.) The turtles mentioned above all belong to the cryptodire family, which accounts for the vast majority of marine and terrestrial species. But no discussion about prehistoric turtles would be complete without a mention of the aptly named Stupendemys, a two-ton pleurodire turtle of Pleistocene South America (what distinguishes pleurodire from cryptodire turtles is that they pull their heads into their shells with a sideways, rather than a front-to-back, motion). Stupendemys was far and away the largest freshwater turtle that ever lived; most modern side-necks weigh about 20 pounds, max! And while were on the subject, lets not forget the comparably ginormous Carbonemys, which may have done battle with the giant prehistoric snake Titanoboa 60 million years ago in the swamps of South America.

Ethos,Logos, and Pathos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethos,Logos, and Pathos - Essay Example When a person or many persons form confidence in the personality or character of a speaking person, it is called logos. This is a formation of a rhetorical triangle between these three concepts of ethos, logos and pathos, as they are interrelated. Due to the emotionalism of the character with relevant reasoning, his/her personality gains confidence from the side of audience on the basis of his/her presentation of a topic with ethos, pathos and logos. There are three kinds of appeals that a person can make while communicating to an audience. They are pathetical appeal, ethical appeal and logical appeal. Pathetical appeal is there when a person makes use of emotions to attract the audience towards his words and the person takes help of his and the audiences emotions for rousing the emotions in audience by his/her pathetical appeal. Ethical appeal is there when a person shares a common belief or what is accepted by all. Ethical appeal is done with the help of the moral authority of the speaker. The speaker of ethical appeal makes the audience to understand him/her because of the common concerns that are there between him/her and the audience. Logical appeal makes use of ethical and pathetic elements as well. A logical appeal is backed by reasoning and a person is able to gain the trust of the audience by means of his/her character. In a rhetorical triangle, the speaker should take help of pathetic, ethical and logical appeal in order to make his oration influential. Ethos, pathos and logos are interlinked to one another. Ethos can be regarded as a speaker as it is linked with speaking with reasoning; pathos can be regarded as the emotions that a person uses while delivering his/her message to a targeted audience and logos can be regarded as the message that is being delivered by ethos by the help of pathos. With logos, a confidence is developed among the public and the speaker. A triangle of speaker, emotions

Child Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Child Development - Essay Example Part 2 comprises of chapters three and four. In these two chapters, the beginning of the child’s life is highlighted. Matters to do with parenting, education of the parents, issues to do with psychology of parenting, importance of preparing siblings for the birth, prenatal care and learning, family dynamics, infants with special needs, care for new born etc are discussed. Part three discuses infancy on a broader perspective; three chapters contained in this part will mark the basis of this paper. Chapters five, six, and seven make up part three of the book. This portion of the book discusses aspects of infancy such as physical development of the infant, the relationship of physical and motor development to cognition, emotional and physical development just to name a few. Other topics contained in part three include infant development, emotional and social development of the infant, theories on emotional and social development, social competence and development, factors influen cing social and emotional development in infants, cognitive, language, and literacy development of the infant, cognitive competence and development, factors that influence cognitive, language, and literacy development etc. Chapters eight, nine and ten make up part four. This section of the book highlights the child from ages one to three. Part 5 consists of chapters eleven, twelve and thirteen and highlights an infant from the ages four through five. The last part of the book consists of chapter fourteen through to sixteen. This section of the book highlights an infant’s development from the ages six through eight. This paper will highlight chapters five six seven and eight. Chapter five of this book focuses on Brain, perceptual, motor, and physical development of the infant. The chapter begins with an extensive discussion of the infant’s brain. The unfinished brain of

Growing Fats Fast Essay Example for Free

Growing Fats Fast Essay Does eating in â€Å"fast food† restaurants or outlets cause obesity? This question has caused controversy, since in the past years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people and families eating away from home. Due to several factors such as rushing for the job, ease of preparation, maybe good taste – more and more people flock to fast food chains. Fast food outlets have been by far the most rapidly expanding sector of the food distribution system, and it has become a worldwide phenomena. Consumers patronize fast food chains and the hamburgers and French fries that they serve have been shown to be positively associated with increase in weight. Studies have likewise shown that when analyzed, the nutritional content of products sold in â€Å"fast food† restaurants are found to be high in energy density, thus promote high energy intake. A person is classified as obese if he or she is 30 percent above the ideal weight based on height. More and more people fall in this category. The alarming thing about obesity is that children who are overweight are also diagnosed to have diabetes, sleep apnea or respiratory diseases. These were known to have afflicted the adults only in the past years. The argument now is that the current obesity of many people which can lead to many dangerous problems   maybe caused by frequenting fast food restaurants. The high caloric content per serving of the foods results to weight gain for regular customers of fast foods. It must be also observed that fast food restaurants and outlets do not inform their consumers of the high calorie and fat content of the foods they serve, which could be hazardous to the customer’s health. Thus, if we find more and more people filing lawsuits against fast food companies, somehow, it’s reasonable. Fast food companies   should take some responsibility for the products or toxic foods they offer to the victims. â€Å"Free Choice in A Free World† On the other hand, the available data or studies that point out that that there is a direct link or relationship between fast food use and obesity are far from conclusive. It is highly possible that the menus and prices at fast food restaurants maybe an answer to an already increasing demand an increasingly obese population rather than being a direct cause of obesity. Since more and more people are now obese which maybe caused by their lifestyle, then they tend to seek more fast food restaurants which serve large portions and cause lesser time to be served. Likewise, it may also be possible that   demographics and lifestyle characteristics may have caused the problem of obesity. I would like to believe that fast food restaurants may not in themselves make a major independent contribution to obesity. It may also be attributed to lifestyles which are conducive to positive energy balance. Other factors such as long work hours, overlapping schedules, increasing material comforts, which cause change in lifestyles, may also be contributory factors. Some claim that fast foods are addictive. As part of marketing strategy, the foods may indeed be very tasty causing many people to eat more of the food – but in the end, these fast foods should not be held responsible for lack of self-control on the part of the customers. If people know that the foods are bad for them, then stop. We all have free choices- and individuals have to take responsibility for that choice, not the company that provides the food.

The Azusa Street revival of 1906 to 1909 Essay -- Religion History

The Azusa Street revival of 1906 to 1909 was an event that popularised the practice of charismatic worship first in the United States and eventually throughout the Christian world. However, representations of the revival in the early years of the 20th century were biased, and distorted the events that occurred. Early believers portrayed the revival as an eschatological narrative in which the power of God came down to earth and revolutionised the church, especially with the gift of tongues. Pentecostal historians later mythologised Azusa Street representing the revival as the birthplace of Pentecostalism. On the other hand, conservatives portrayed the events of the revival as unbiblical and sinful, while secular critics depicted the revival as a phenomenon which was irrational and defied human logic. After the civil war, protestant churches began to ignore the significance of emotional expression in worship. According to historian Thomas Nicole, American churches transformed into ‘dignified, rational, middle class congregations’ which limited emotional expression. In contrast, various fringe groups fought the cold formalism that had developed in American Christianity as they believed that the power of the Holy Spirit would soon move in charismatic power as prophesied in Joel 2:28-32. By 1906, great anticipation had built up in such groups located in Los Angeles as Menzies explains that several congregations held prayer meetings which cried for ‘a Pentecost’ in Los Angeles’. It appears that ministers began to represent Los Angeles as the centre, out of which a charismatic outpouring would inevitably occur. Frank Bartleman for example reported that the people of Los Angeles would soon find themselves ‘in the throes of a mighty... ... after a century ( Kingfield: Sheffield Academic) 1999. Larry Martin, http://www.azusastreet.org/AzusaStreetCartoons.htm, retrieved on 25th may 2009. Lum Clara, Pentecost has come, The Apostolic Faith . 1(1), 1906. Menzies, William, W., Anointed to serve: The Story of The Assemblies of God. (Springfield: Gospel Publishing House). 1971. Nicole Thomas, Pentecostalism, (New York: Harper and Row) 1966. Owens. Robert R, The Azusa street revival ( Lanham: xulan press) 2005. Robeck Cecil M, The Azusa Street Mission and Revival: The Birthplace of the Global Pentecostal Movement. (Nashville: Nelson reference& electronic) 2006. Synan Vinson, The Holiness Pentecostal tradition, Grabd rapids Michigan: Eerdmans, 1971. Turner, William C, Jr, An East Coast celebration of Azusa: theological implications. Journal of Pentecostal Theology 16 (1) 2007, p 32-45

Hock

Hock Studies Set 2 Study #1 Reading 14: Just How are you intelligent? Garder, H. (1983) Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. Main focus or purpose: Howard Garder introduced to the world this new view of multiple intelligences. â€Å"Just how are you intelligent? † is unrelated to amount of overall intelligence and asks instead about the nature of your particular type of intelligence. Primary Research Methods: Gardner developed a set of either indicators or â€Å"signs† that define intelligence.Any intellectual ability, or set of abilities, must map onto most of these criteria, if it is to be considered a separate, autonomous intelligence. Main Results Reported: Each different type of intelligence varied in results. The following were tested Linguistic intelligence- able to use words that are more skillful. Musical Intelligence- gifted abilities involving sound, especially pitch, timbre and rhythm. Logical-mathematical intelligence- analyzes and computes various relationships among abstract objects, concepts, and ideas.Spatial intelligence- skilled in creating, visualizing, and manipulating mental images. Intrapersonal intelligence- able to understand who you are. Weaknesses or Critique: Some concerns based on learning disabilities—how they would test differently. Some argue that not all intelligence was properly tested by Garder—â€Å"sexual intelligence, digital intelligence† Importance/Value: As human beings its important for us to understand which part of our brain is strongest. It can help one find a well fitting job later on. People want to practice what they are naturally good at—so testing this is important.Study #2 Reading 25- Are you the master of your fate? Rotter, J. B. (1966) Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1-28 Main focus or purpose: Are the consequences of your behavior under your personal control or are they det ermined by forces outside of yourself? Rotter wanted to study differences among people on this dimension and, rather then simply asking them, e developed a test that measured a person’s locus of control. Primary Research Methods: Rotter designed a scale containing a series of many pairs of statements.Each pair consisted of on statement reflecting an internal locus of control and one reflecting an external locus of control. Those taking the test were told to select the one statement of each pair, which you more strongly believe to be the case. This is a measure of personal belief. Rotter called his test to I-E scale. Main Results Reported: Gambling- individuals identified as internals by the I-E scale tended to prefer betting on sure things. Persuasion- internals were found to be more successful than externals in altering the attitudes of others.Achievement motivation-plans to attend college, amt of time spent on hw—more likely to be found in those students who demonstr ated an internal locus of control. Rotter hypothesized that those with an internal locus of control are more likely then externals to gain information from situations, take the initiative to make change, place greater value on inner skill and achievement goals, and are more able to resisted manipulation by others. Weaknesses or Critique: There are not any right or wrong answers in this study. Everything is just based on one individual, which is time consuming for the ones doing the studies.Importance/Value: After being tested—easier to be placed in a fitting environment. It’s important for us to know control. Study #3 Reading 30; You’re getting defensive again Freud, A. (1946). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: International Universities Press. Main focus or purpose: Sigmund Freuds discovery of ego defense mechanisms occurred gradually over 30 or more years as his experiences in dealing with psychological problems grew. Primary Research Methods: F reud claimed to have discovered the defense mechanisms gradually over many years of clinical interactions with his patients.Main Results Reported: Anna Freud identified 10 defense mechanisms that had been described by her father. Five of the original mechanisms that are commonly used and widely recognized today are discussed repression, regression, projection, reaction, formation, and sublimation. Weaknesses or Critique: researchers question some of Anna freuds theories. Do defense mechanisms really exist? Do they actually function unconsciously? Importance/Value: People now have a much better understanding of mechanisms. Study #4 Reading 31: Learning to be depressed Seigman, M. E. P. , &maier, S. F (1967). Failure to escape traumatic shock.Main focus or purpose: Martin Seligman (psychologist), proposed that our perceptions of power and control are learned from experience. Martin believes that a persons efforts at controlling certain life events fail repeatedly, the person may stop attempting to exercise control all together. Primary Research Methods: Subjects for this experiment were 24 â€Å"mongrel dogs†, 15 to 19 inches high at the shoulder and weighing between 25-29 pounds. The dogs were divided into 2 groups of 8. One group was the escape group and the other was the non-escape group. They were individually harnessed and but not completely unable to move.A series of shocks were given to the dogs to see which ones tried to escape. Main Results Reported: In the escape group the time it took for the dogs to press the shock panel quickly decreased over the 64 shocks. In the no escape group, panel pressing completely stopped after 30 tries. Weaknesses or Critique: It’s hard for some to read about animals being used for testing. It’s important for researchers to use them for answers but no abuse should ever take place. Importance/Value: We understand that individuals are more likely to become depressed if they lack control of of situational experience.Study #5 Reading 35: Projections of who you are Rorschach, H. (1942) Psychodiagnostics: A diagnostic test based on perception. New York: Grune & Stratton Main focus or purpose: Roschach’s showed that in the course of interpreting random inkblot, attention would be drawn away from the persons so that his or her usual psychological defenses would be weakened. Primary Research Methods: Roschach form of interpretation test is administered simply by handing a person each figure, one at a time and asking, â€Å"What might this be? Participants were free to turn the card in ant direction and hold it as close to or as far from their eyes as they wish. Main Results Reported: He found that subjects generally gave a total of 5 to 30 totally responses to the 10 figures. Depressed individuals gave less answers, those that were happy gave more, and among the mentally ill answers varied. Weaknesses or Critique: Weather or not what Rorschach claimed to measure was accurate. Othe r researches suggest that there are better ways to test this. Importance/Value: Rorschach’s research will help studies that are done on the same concepts.Study #6 It’s Not Just About Salivating Dogs! Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned Reflexes. London: Oxford University Press. Main Focus or Purpose: In this study, Pavlov wanted to use physiological research involving the use of dogs as subjects to test the role of salvation on digestion. Test how, when, and why an animal would salivate, what could cause it†¦Unconditional reflex or conditioned reflexes? Primary Research Methods To test this, they would introduce various types of food or nonfood substances into a dogs mouth and observe the rate and amount of salvation.Then they would associate a sound or smell that would occur before that dog gets introduced to the food. Then after noticing that the bell leads to food the dog would therefore begin to salivate by just hearing the noise. Main Results Reported Pavlov th eorized that the dogs had learned from experience in the lab to expect food following certain signals. Although these certain signals do not naturally produce salivation, the dogs came to associate them with the food and salivating with the expectancy of the foods arrival. Weaknesses or CritiqueThere were no true weaknesses or critiques to this research and work. Importance/Value: This experiment and intense observation was very important because it is now universally accepted and has remained virtually unchanged since its conception. His theories of classical conditioning explain a major proportion of human behavior and helped launch psychology as a true science. Study #7 Little Emotional Albert Watson, J. B. , & Rayner, R. (1920). Conditoned emotional Responses. Journal of Expiermental Pyschology, 3, 1-14. Main Focus or Purpose:The main purpose of this study was to test if our human behavior is based on that idea that we are motivated by unconscious instincts and repressed conflic ts from early childhood. Primary Research Methods: The methods for this particular study were simple; they took 9 month old Albert from a hospital where he had been raised as an orphan since birth. They then wanted to see if Albert was naturally afraid of certain stimuli, they placed a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, a dog and masks in front of him, and he naturally grabbed for most of the objects since they didn’t produce any fear (neutral stimuli).They then paired a loud frightening noise (unconditioned stimuli) with the presentation of each animal and he then cried every time, even just with the sight of the animal because he associated it with that same fear. Main Results Reported Albert was not originally afraid of the rats prior to the conditioning, but then after the conditioning he instantly feared the rat and even the Santa Clause mask that had a similar white appearance. Weaknesses or Critique: Study like this would not be acceptable now days.It is very questionable to ethical reasoning; to take a child at an early age and purposely frighten it is just not right. Importance/Value: This study succeeded to a large extent in convincing many in the psychological community that the emotional behavior could be conditioned through simple stimulus response techniques. Also proved that human behavior is based on that idea that we are motivated by unconscious instincts and repressed conflicts from early childhood. Study #8 Knock Wood! Skinner, B. F. (1948). Superstition in the pigeon. Journal of Expiermental Psychology, 38, 168-172Main Focus or Purpose: Skinnier wanted to test if the reason people do superstitious acts (like knocking on wood for example), do this because they believe or presume a connection exists between the superstitious behavior in a certain setting and a reinforcing consequence exists. Primary Research Methods: The researchers used a empty cage or box that only had an empty dish or tray in which food is dispensed. This allows the res earchers to have control over when the animal receives reinforcement, such as pellets of food. The early conditioning had a lever, which if pushed, would cause food to be dispensed.They then put pigeons into experimental cage for a few minutes each day, and then food reinforcement was delivered automatically every 15 seconds. Main Results Reported: In 6 out of 8 cases the resulting response were so clearly defined that two observers could agree perfectly in counting instances. Eventually, the pigeons behaved as if a certain behavior would produce the food, they became superstitious. Weaknesses or Critique: On the specific issue of superstitions, however, there appears to be less controversy and a rather wide acceptance of the learning process involved in their formation.Importance/Value: This was important because none of these behaviors had been observed in the birds prior to the condition procedure. Study #9 See Aggression†¦ Do Aggression! Bandura, A. , Ross, D. , & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575-582. Main Focus or Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how children may learn to be aggressive. If they learn by observation and imitation or any other influential factors. Primary Research Methods:The researchers exposed children to adult models who behave either aggressively or non-aggressively. The children would then be tested in a new situation without the model present to determine to what extent they would imitate the acts of aggression they had observed in the adult. Main Results Reported: The children who were exposed to the violent models tended to imitate the exact violent behaviors they observed. Weaknesses or Critique: The results were so inconsistent in relation to the aggression-inhibiting effect of nonaggressive models that they were inconclusive. Importance/Value:This research formed the foundation for hundreds of studies o ver the past 45 years on the effects on children of viewing violence in person or in the media. Study #10 Just How Are You Intelligent? Gardner, H. (1938) Frames of Mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New Yorkk: Basic Books. Main Focus or Purpose: In this study, Garden wanted to test if there were multiple different types of intelligences rather than just one general intelligence that can be tested by an IQ test. He also wanted to further extend the theory of brain specialization, to see if different parts of the brain are responsible for different intelligences.Primary Research Methods: Gardner developed a set of eight indicators or â€Å"signs† that define an intelligence. Any intellectual ability, or set of abilities, will then be mapped onto these criterias. He separated the intelligences into 9 main ones: linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, and existential and then performed test to det ermine what category or categories one might fall under. Main Results Reported: This study showed and proved that people are intelligent in many more ways than just â€Å"book smart†.It gave us proof that a student can still be very bright even if that student is struggling in math or English. Weaknesses or Critique: Many question, what about the children or adults with learning disabilities? But after these tests, Gardner then changed that into learning differences. Importance/Value: Hundreds of scientific articles and books now rest on Gardner’s theory. His theory has remained unchanged and survived for over two decades now and shows no sign of fading. He changed forever how the world looks at learning, teaching and intelligence.

Moral Theories in Health Care

Desai pinky HSC601:-Healthcare Policy and Medical Ethics Date: – 10/06/2009 Question 2: What moral theories are the most important in the healthcare reform debate? The four moral theories which have been refereed in the book satisfy one or the other aspect of the ethical analysis and also keep the foundation for further analysis. However no theory satisfies all the relevant criteria. All the four theories have pointed out their ways and means to reach a decision which is correct and ethically considered. All the theories have reached some of the goals in the common like autonomy, privacy, beneficence yet with different perspectives. The utilitarian mainly focuses on the value of the well being, which is analyzed in the terms of the pleasures, happiness welfare, preference satisfaction whereas the Kantianism believes that the morality is grounded in reason, duty rather than the sympathy, emotions. This indicates that the person have to act not only in an accordance with but for the sake of the obligation. Utilitarianism is divided into two: – the rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism. The rule utilitarian considers the consequences of adopting certain rules whereas the act utilitarian disregards the level of the rules and sticks only to the principle of the utility. Thus the advantage of the rule utilitarianism is that it considers the parameters like justice, beneficence and laws and legal rights which lacks in the act utilitarianism. Kantianism mainly rotates around the following objectives. According to Kant â€Å"maxim† is the moral worth of an individual’s action that depends exclusively on the moral acceptability if the rule on which the person acts. Since the maxim applies to every individual that performs the similar act in the similar condition it has been declared as an universal law. The second objective of the Kantianism is the â€Å"categorical imperative†, which stresses the importance of the what must be done irrespective of our desires and the final objective of the Kant theory is the autonomy which typically refers to the judgments and actions one can take with their own will. However the importance of the autonomy is that if and only if the individual knowingly act in accordance with the universally valid moral principles that pass the requirements of the categorical imperative. In the utilitarian theory the major flaw is immoral preference and actions. Even if the individual performs the act to produce the overall utility for everyone but if accidental the greatest possible utility is not achieved then the action will be wrong and it will be considered against the act. According to this theory the individual should perform the act in such way that it provides benefit to the most of the people regardless of their feelings and preference of their opinion. This has led a question that an individual should have to consider every action and their consequence before implementing this theory. Additionally one has to take into account the proposed alternatives before performing the action as any unexpected results would prove utilitarian theory wrong and unethical as it was not able to provide the benefit to the society. Another major flaw with this theory is that difficulty in defining the line between morally obligatory actions and supererogatory action. The heroic donation of the bodily parts such as an kidney to save another person life is unethical. Whereas with Kantianism the main flaw is the duty is given prime importance neglecting virtue, emotion. But these motives do count morally. Another major flaw is the conflicting obligation. It generally arises from a single moral rule rather than from two different rules, since it fails to take into account the consequence of the one situation, it becomes even more difficult when a conflicting condition arises at the same time. Both the theory attempts to explain the moral principles but have different viewpoints to guide the individual towards ethical analysis. The utilitarian’s considers the act to be morally valid if the results produced provide maximal values in terms of happiness or pleasure. It holds that actions are right or wrong according to the balance of their good and bad consequence. If the actions have more good consequences then it is morally appropriate and if the actions have more bad consequences then it morally inappropriate. Since this is based on the individual context, this theory cannot be universally accepted and merely depends on the situational analysis. As the utilitarian lacks the universal set of rules which defines morality, hence one has to analyze the situation individually. In outweighing the benefits of the good or bad consequences to attain the maximum utility and also considering the alternative consequences makes this theory bit complex, tedious and time consuming. Whereas Kantianism is based on the autonomous and maxim. One has to perform the duty at his will without considering the whether the consequences are favorable as he is imbibed to perform the duty which is otally contradictory to the utilitarian theory. From the analysis it seems that it is more logical theory and has a set of universal rules which has been widely used in the health care reforms and in the healthcare industry. From the above analysis , Kantianism theory seems to be more appealing to me but when the healthcare reforms are involved I feel every theory has their positives and negatives and should be included in the healthcare reform debates as ever y pieces of theory has a lot to provide to the health care reforms.

The Battle of Waterloo essays

The Battle of Waterloo essays The Battle of Waterloo was the final and decisive action of the Napoleonic Wars that effectively ended the French domination of the European continent and brought about drastic changes in the political boundaries and power of Europe. Fought on June 18, 1814, near Waterloo, in what is now Belgium, the battle ranks as a great turning point in modern history. There are many reasons as to why Napoleon lost this battle. Most importantly it was due to his generals. Napoleon himself abandoned his troops and his throne after his defeat. The main problem as to why Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo is because he selected an ill-equipped group of generals to lead his army. He didnt have much control over this though. Berthier was dead; Mortier was ill; Andre Massena showed no interest in joining this conflict, and Baron Jomini was with the Allies. If this was not enough he placed the generals he had in places not suited for them. He put Soult as chief of staff, Ney on his left wing, and Grouchy on his right. A disastrous mistake was putting Ney in charge of the attack on Wellington. Napoleon seemed sluggish and waterloo and this was due to his illness. He failed to follow up on opportunities here and this was fatal due to his steady adversaries, Wellington and Blucher. Fault can be put to Napoleon too. He delayed in attacking Blucher at Ligny, failed to use Lobau in crushing him, neglected to pursue hi after he was beaten, been to attack Wellington on June 18, and failed to assign Ney the Imperial Guard as reinfor cements when they could have made a major difference. Soult had been a disaster as chief of staff, neglecting to coordinate the border crossing and, along with Napoleon, failed to send out orders to subordinates promptly and coherently. As well, Vandamme delayed at Gilly, Drouet wasted a day marching between Quatre Bras and Ligny, while Grouchys tortoise like pursuit of the Prussians was a ke ...

U of M Dearborn Admissions and Acceptance Rate

U of M Dearborn Admissions and Acceptance Rate Are you interested in attending the University of Michigan-Dearborn? It is a moderately accessible school with an acceptance rate of 65 percent of applicants. Learn more about admissions requirements. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. University of Michigan-Dearborn Description The University of Michigan at Dearborn is a highly-ranked regional public university located in Dearborn, Michigan, just west of Detroit. It is one of the 15 public universities in Michigan, and 95 percent of students come from Michigan. UMD was founded in 1959 by a 196-acre gift from the Ford Motor Company, and the campus features a 70-acre natural area and the Henry Ford Estate. The University of Michigan at Dearborn has a 17 to 1 student/faculty ratio, and classes average between 15 and 25 students. The college takes advantage of the business and industrial centers in the area, and professional programs in business and engineering are some of the strongest and most popular among undergraduates. UMD is largely a commuter campus and has no housing facilities. Admissions Data (2016) University of Michigan-Dearborn Acceptance Rate: 65Â  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for UM-Dearborn AdmissionsTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Math: 520 / 670SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanCompare top Michigan colleges SAT scoresMichigan public university SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 22Â  / 27ACT English: 22Â  / 28ACT Math: 21 / 27What these ACT numbers meanCompare top Michigan colleges ACT scoresMichigan public university ACT score comparison Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 9,131Â  (7,141 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 52 percent Male / 48 percent Female70 percent Full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $12,032 (in-state); $24,272 (out-of-state)Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $8,064Other Expenses: $3,364Total Cost: $24,760 (in-state); $37,000 (out-of-state) University of Michigan-Dearborn Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 92Â  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 79Â  percentLoans: 65Â  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $7,523Loans: $5,459 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Accounting, Biology, Business Administration, Communication Studies, Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Finance, Marketing, Mechanical Engineering, PsychologyWhat major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Retention and Graduation Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 74Â  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 17Â  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 54Â  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports: Ice Hockey, Lacrosse, Soccer, Basketball, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports: Basketball, Softball, Track and Field, Cross Country, Volleyball If You Like the University of Michigan Dearborn, You May Also Like These Schools: Michigan State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOakland University: ProfileWayne State University: ProfileHarvard University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFerris State University: ProfileNew York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Chicago: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPurdue University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOhio State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDuke University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Michigan - Ann Arbor: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph University of Michigan Dearborn Mission Statement: read the complete mission statement at http://umdearborn.edu/about/mission-vision University of Michigan-Dearborn is an inclusive, student-focused institution. We are committed to excellence in teaching, learning, research and scholarship, as well as access, affordability and metropolitan impact. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Escherichia Coli bacterium Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Escherichia Coli bacterium - Research Paper Example This bacterium is not completely aerobic that is it can survive in the presence of oxygen and it also has the capability to exist in the absence of oxygen by the process of fermentation. E. coli also has the property of movement though there are certain forms of the bacteria that form exceptions and do not move. The mobility is provided to it by flagellum, which is referred to as peritrichous flagella that is present on all sides of the bacteria. The bacterium does not have the property of forming spores. The bacterium has three antigens present. The antigen which is present on the cell wall of the bacteria is the â€Å"O† antigen, the antigen which is present on the flagellum is the â€Å"H† antigen and the antigen which is found on the capsule of the bacteria is the â€Å"K† antigen. These antigens have great variability with each of them existing in many different forms. This is the reason that E. coli exists in many different forms (Charles Davis; This bacter ia has been associated with many pathological conditions which include the inflammation of the gall bladder, inflammation of the biliary tract, infections of the urinary tract and the blood as well as diarrhea particularly traveler’s diarrhea.... E. coli is also listed as an infection which occurs in the hospital settings and has been associated with an average of 31 percent hospital acquired infections in the United States as well as a cause of diarrhea in 4 percent of the people. The meningeal inflammation that results due to E. coli should not be overlooked because it accounts for 8 percent of the deaths due to this condition and it can also result in pathological conditions of the nervous system (Science Daily; WHO 2005). Pathogenesis: The diarrhea that occurs due to the E. coli is caused by four classes of this bacterium which function in different ways. The first one is the Enteropathogenic E. coli that affect usually infants below the age of two years and hence occurrences are mostly reported from maternity homes. This group of E.coli has the capability of binding to the cells of the intestine and destructs its microvillus which leads to diarrhea. The spread occurs through the consumption of water or via the food that infants consume. (Charles Davis; WHO 2005). The next group of E. coli is Enterocytotoxigenic E. coli. This group is the major cause for traveler’s diarrhea in all age groups. It produces exotoxins which are known as heat labile and heat stable exotoxins. They have an effect on adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively. These enzymes lead to a cascade of reactions which cause retention of fluid and electrolytes with the passage of the intestine. This is turn results in diarrhea. The cause for this infection is also via the dietary intake. The world health organization has reported that this group of E. coli accounts for a mortality rate which is very

Issue in Contemporary Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Issue in Contemporary Management - Essay Example It is difficult for a small organization to effectively manage, control and coordinate between different diverse organizations. Moreover, statutory power given to LOCOG regarding ownership, compensation, and regulation is temporary. In other words, LOCOG has to give up all the infrastructure facilities developed for the London Olympics after the Olympics which will definitely reduce their revenues after the London Olympics. Infrastructure development opportunities are immense as part of conducting London Olympics. Development of infrastructure to world-class level will change the face of London city. LOCOG will receive a share from international Olympics committee’s broadcasting revenue and also from their own marketing efforts. This revenue can be utilized for the economic development and regeneration. Increased employment opportunity is another advantage of conducting Olympics in London. The public will also get an opportunity to know more about different culture which will help to grow the English culture. It is impossible to conduct Olympics without causing some inconvenience to the public. Some of the local businesses needed to be displaced to develop infrastructure for the London Olympics. This displaced business groups may engage in legal battle with LOCOG. Infrastructure development to world class standards is a major challenge. Ensuring value for money and economic benefits to the cost bearing public is another threat to the LOCOG. The public is lavishly extending their support to the Olympics considering a huge return in terms of economic development and infrastructure development. Failure to fulfil the expectations of the public may create problems for LOCOG in future. Stage management and coordination of events are also not an easy task for LOCOG considering its small structure. Propaganda spreading through media is another threat for this event. Many people are spreading the

Death Penalty (Opposing Viewpoint) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Death Penalty (Opposing Viewpoint) - Essay Example The practice of capital punishment is on the other hand supported by many who believe that some acts should carry this punishment so as to set a precedent for the coming generation. This essay would revolve around the support of capital punishment by the individuals who believe that it can be beneficial for the whole society. The Supporters of Capital Punishment hold the view that Bible is a contemporary source of cultural and religious values for most people residing in North America. The Old Testament of the Jews along with the New Testament of Christians speaks in favor of Capital Punishment. Christians who are in support of Capital Punishment give reference to the Old Testament when Noah was called by God and HE said, â€Å"Whoever sheds the blood of a human, by a human shall that person’s blood be shed.† This passage is often cited by believers of Capital Punishment. In Bible God created human in his image. Then human did sin, he was forgiven by the God; human again did sin and was pardoned by the God. The process of God’s forgiveness and reinstatement also lessens the effect of death penalty (Capital Punishment in America: A Balanced Examination 2011). Advocates of Capital Punishment view it as a revenge for awful crimes. Those who support the death sentence declare that it is a uniquely effective punishment that discourages crimes. In Saudi Arabia, for instance the death penalty rate is very high and so the crime rate is very low as compared to other countries. Promoters of Capital Punishment want Governments to execute well and they consider Capital Punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. If we take up the case of Michael Perry, he was sentenced to death but his partner in crime, Jason Burkett was found guilty of all three murders of Sandra, her son Adam and his friend Jeremy Richardson but, was only sentenced to a life time prison by a narrow jury vote and will come out in 2041 (The Guardian, 2011). Will he be redeemed when he comes out of prison? Probably not; if advocates in opposition of Capital Punishment believe that he can be reformed and brought back to life. It is not possible because a life in prison makes a person suffocated and frustrated. Again, we can blame our Government and law agencies rather than debate over Capital Punishment. Jails are crowded and prisoners are treated so badly that mostly they either commit suicide or kill other prisoners. According to IdahoStatement.com, Paul Blomberg’s daughter was kidnapped, raped and then murdered in 2000. Her name was Samantha Maher and she was only 22 by then. Her father gave testimonies in front of the jury trails and even though there were two sentenced hearings for Darrell Payne, seven years from now; nothing has happened to this man up till now. He was given death penalty twice but due to incompetent law enforcement agencies, nothing has been done to him until today. Being a logical person, can one think he can be redeemed and reformed? Not necessarily. Blomberg now beliefs that Idaho system does not really execute criminals which are on the death row. In 1979, the Idaho death penalty was reinstated but even after that thre e Death Row convicts have been freed and only can have been executed. Out of the 40 people who were sentenced to death have their sentences changed now and are no longer obliged for execution. (Orr 2011) Many supporters of the capital punishment believe that for every person that is sentenced to deat

Healthcare Internship Reflection | Cancer Center

Healthcare Internship Reflection | Cancer Center Crystal Mullen Last month I received the privilege of being hired to work as a secretary for The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas. As the name implies their sole focus and overall market involves finding cures and treatments for cancer. In fact they operate on a very aggressive mission to completely eliminate cancer by integrating patient care, prevention, and research programs. Furthermore, MD Anderson provides education about cancer research, prevention, and treatment information that ranges from their graduate and undergraduate programs at the University of Texas to MD Anderson employees and even to the general public (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2014). Finally though not exhaustively, MD Anderson seeks to become and remain a world renowned cancer center through science, excellent people, and research-driven patient care. The motto for MD Anderson is â€Å"We are Making Cancer History (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2014)†. One of the biggest surprises I learned when I began working for MD Anderson is that although their sole focus is eliminating cancer, that singular mission is has multiple areas of focus. This is because they have incomparable resources and a wealth of capabilities, MD Anderson is exceptionally qualified to increase the pace of transforming scientific discoveries regarding cancer into innovative clinical treatments and advances that lower the number of deaths due to cancer deaths. Their discoveries have lead MD Anderson to divide their work into six forms of cancer – otherwise known to them as â€Å"moon shots†. Along with those moon shots, MD Anderson focuses a great deal of science, research and patient care on Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma. The cancers listed in the moon shot program include breast and ovarian, Leukemia (ALM / MDS), Leukemia (CLL), Lung, Melanoma, and prostate. These six moon shots, along with Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma, will ultimately lead to cures for all types of cancer (Moon Shots Program, 2014). BREAST AND OVARIAN MD Anderson’s moon shot program for breast and ovarian cancer concentrates on triple-negative breast cancer and on high-grade serous ovarian cancer. These concentrations have resulted in exciting, innovative projects that often results in the quick detection and treatment of these deadly cancers. One aspect of the moon shot program for breast and ovarian cancer involves universal genetic testing. Patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer are provided genetic counseling and testing. Furthermore, MD Anderson reaches out to at risk family members to immediately identify individuals for preventive screening. Another aspect of the moon shot program for breast and ovarian cancer involves pinpointing genetic markers/mutations to discover how these cancers respond and then adapt to cancer treatments. This data will helps physicians develop individualized treatment plans for each of their patients. Finally though not exhaustively, a thir d aspect of the moon shot program for breast and ovarian cancer involves early detection. The cancer investigators for MD Anderson focus on biomarkers that appear promising to identify and study these cancers in their earliest stages to provide better treatment conclusions (Moon Shots Breast and Ovarian, 2014). LEUKEMIA (AML/MDS) One of MD Anderson’s moon shot program for leukemia involves acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) leukemia. These two diseases are being combatted by tacking drug resistance, applying supercomputing, artificial intelligence, and AML targeted therapy such as blood stem cell transplants. First of all, AML/MDS Moon Shot strives to understand a class of drugs that form the molecular basis of drug resistance to find alternative therapies that circumvents this challenge. Furthermore, AML/MDS Moon Shot is developing a new, innovative system that takes advanced supercomputing technology and integrates this technology with individualized research data into a secure database. Advanced analytics, combined with the technology of IBM’s Watson, otherwise known as the world’s smartest computer, enables clinicians to collect new insights for patient care and research. Finally, though not exhaustively, the moon shot engages in another research option f or AML / MDS involves blood stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy. This form of research has an excellent record of both improving the safety and impact of this form of treatment (Moon Shots Leukemia (AML/MDS), 2014). LEUKEMIA (CLL) Another one of MD Anderson’s moon shot program for leukemia involves chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), MD Anderson has made great progress in this against this form of cancer. Scientists and physicians has driven one this most common form of adult leukemia close to the brink of extinction. This has been accomplished by developing cutting edge drug therapies and taking immunotherapy to eliminate residual CLL. First of all, the CLL Moon Shot team is actively studying a breakthrough class of drugs that thwarts the critical signaling in the malignant cells. These experimental drugs have proven to be excellent at preventing CLL cells from signaling their dramatic effect on the leukemic cells while creating minimal impact on other healthy cells. Furthermore, there is an additional CLL moon shot is famous for developing immunotherapy techniques to locate and destroy the remaining CLL (Moon Shots: Leukemia (CLL), 2014). LUNG Lung cancer is the most pervasive impact on our population out of other cancers. Because of its massive spread throughout the U.S. population, MD Anderson lists lung cancer as one of their Moon Shots Program. This particular battle is fought on three fronts: prevention, early detection, and treatment of advanced disease. First of all, because 80% of all lung cancers are tobacco based, the Lung Cancer Moon Shot program has launched initiatives to help in the prevention of tobacco based lung such as personalized tobacco cessation programs, social media, and referrals to successful tobacco treatment programs. Furthermore, through early detection of lung cancer diagnosing, the rate for a cure greatly increases. MD Anderson has played a significant role in the National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) that deaths by lung cancer are often lowered by as much as 20% when smokers were screened early with the use of a low-dose CT scan. Finally, MD Anderson has found treatment options for pat ients with advanced stage lung cancer haven’t changed much in the last 20 years so they intend on redirecting this trend with a new program called the GEMINI Project. This uses the latest cutting edge technologies to conduct a lung cancer profile from a molecular perspective. This will bypass carpet-bombing the cancer with non-specific chemotherapies in favor of using specifically targeted therapies, which is more like â€Å"smart bombing the lung tumors without any damaging side effects (Moon Shots: Lung, 2014). MELANOMA Because instances of melanoma and skin cancer deaths have risen over the past 50 years, MD Anderson’s moon shot scientists and physicians have attacked this form of cancer through prevention and through personalized integrated management of the cancer. The MD Anderson melanoma team pursues an aggressive prevention campaign to reduce the exposure to UV light in both children and adolescents with an innovative, all-inclusive program that includes both behavioral interventions and educational outreach to discourage excessive sun exposure through tanning and replace that activity with alternative sun protection practices. Furthermore, the moon shot team uses individualized and cohesive and management of melanoma. If patients are diagnosed early surgery is usually the next step. Although many forms of melanoma are resistant to treatments scientific breakthroughs in researching this diseases have led to this disease the development new immunotherapy agents that accurately and effect ively combats even the more advanced stages of melanoma (Moon Shots: Melanoma, 2014). PROSTATE The last form of cancer listed in the Moon Shot program is prostate cancer. The National Cancer Institute, has estimated there will be 238,590 new cases diagnosed this year, resulting in approximately 30,000. I order to lower the mortality rate of this form of cancer, the Prostate Cancer Moon Shot program has concentrated on three areas: lowering instances of overtreatment; combining therapies used in advanced and early stages of the disease; and creating targeted therapies, such as immunotherapy as an alternative to traditional treatment methods. The goal is to use these treatment and therapy options in order to effectively and timely shift the process from simply treating to actually curing prostate cancer (Moon Shots: Prostate, 2014). NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA Although not part of the â€Å"Moon Shots† program, MD Anderson is aggressively fighting against, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. At MD Anderson their goal is to treat this form of cancer with new treatments that are tailored to each patient and using targeted, biological agents that empower a human body to combat the cancer. Our teams of specialized physicians, as well as support staff including nurses, physician assistants, dietitians, social workers and many others, work closely together – and with you – to give you higher chance for successful treatment (Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma). Conclusion: Based on what I’ve read, and what I’ve observed working at this health system, I believe MD Anderson, is successful in treating the multiple forms of cancer. In fact, if there was a brand new form of cancer to emerge, I would think this cancer center would have the equipment, the technology and the clinical personnel to combat this newest manifestation of cancer. My only recommendation is that they maintain the current list if cancers found in their â€Å"moon shots† while also addressing other cancerous diseases. If this is done they will only continue to grow in their success. References Center, U. o. (2014). Moon Shots Breast and Ovarian. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/breast-ovarian/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). About Us. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.mdanderson.org/about-us/index.html University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots Leukemia (AML/MDS). Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/leukemia-aml-mds/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots Program. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Andderson.org: http://www.mdanderson.org/about-us/facts-and-history/moon-shots-program/index.html University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots: Leukemia (CLL). Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/leukemia-cll/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots: Lung. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson Cancer Center: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/lung/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots: Melanoma. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson Cancer Center: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/melanoma/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2014). Moon Shots: Prostate. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.cancermoonshots.org/moon-shots/prostate/ University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. (n.d.). Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma. Retrieved June 22, 2014, from MD Anderson.org: http://www.mdanderson.org/patient-and-cancer-information/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/index.html